West Ham's Jarrod Bowen then fired wide from a tight angle before the game was paused due to a head injury to Tomas Soucek. After play resumed, Brentford continued to push forward, with Nathan Collins sending a header over and Dango Ouattara seeing his shot deflected behind.
Alphonse Areola made several key saves, including tipping Mikkel Damsgaard's header wide and rushing out to smother Igor Thiago's shot. Ouattara had several chances, but his headers were either diverted past the post or sent harmlessly wide.
Brentford eventually scored their opener in the 43rd minute, when a ball behind West Ham's defense unlocked the Hammers' defense and Areola was unable to stop Thiago's shot from trickling over the line. Nuno Espirito Santo responded by bringing on three defenders ahead of the restart.
Soucek saw his shot blocked by Sepp van den Berg, who had a chance to score at the other end but headed wide. Schade then rattled the crossbar with his header, while Bowen was left frustrated after hitting his effort high and wide.
Areola made several more key saves, including denying Thiago and Keane Lewis-Potter's strike curled narrowly wide. However, after Konstantinos Mavropanos' injury reduced West Ham to 10 men, substitute Mathias Jensen finally found a Brentford second in the final moments.
This loss leaves West Ham without a Premier League win at the London Stadium this campaign, a first in top-flight history. The Hammers have opened a top-flight campaign with four consecutive home defeats for the first time ever.